Showing 1 - 3 of 3 Items
The state of cell wall pectin monitored by wall associated kinases: A model
Date: 2015-07-03
Creator: Bruce D. Kohorn
Access: Open access
- The Wall Associated Kinases (WAKs) bind to both cross-linked polymers of pectin in the plant cell wall, but have a higher affinity for smaller fragmented pectins that are generated upon pathogen attack or wounding. WAKs are required for cell expansion during normal seedling development and this involves pectin binding and a signal transduction pathway involving MPK3 and invertase induction. Alternatively WAKs bind pathogen generated pectin fragments to activate a distinct MPK6 dependent stress response. Evidence is provided for a model for how newly generated pectin fragments compete for longer pectins to alter the WAK dependent responses.
Cell wall-associated kinases and pectin perception
Date: 2016-01-01
Creator: Bruce D. Kohorn
Access: Open access
- The pectin matrix of the angiosperm cell wall is regulated in both synthesis and modification and greatly influences the direction and extent of cell growth. Pathogens, herbivory and mechanical stresses all influence this pectin matrix and consequently plant form and function. The cell wall-associated kinases (WAKs) bind to pectin and regulate cell expansion or stress responses depending upon the state of the pectin. This review explores the WAKs in the context of cell wall biology and signal transduction pathways.
Genetic Analysis of Cellular Adhesion in Arabidopsis thaliana
Date: 2021-01-01
Creator: Andrew Close Bolender
Access: Open access
- Plant cell adhesion is mediated by the extracellular matrix (ECM) or cell wall and plays an important role in plant morphogenesis and development. The amount, modification, and cleavage of pectin in the cell wall are major contributors to the adhesive properties of the ECM. To gain a more complete picture of plant cell adhesion processes, Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings were previously mutagenized and screened for hypocotyl adhesion defects. Genomic sequencing of one plant exhibiting an adhesion defect, isolate 242, showed that two mutations, one in cellulose synthase (CesA1) and another in a sugar transporter, are candidates for the causative mutation. This thesis reports that CesA1 is necessary for proper plant cell adhesion, while the sugar transporter encoded at At4g32390 is not. Dark grown seedlings homozygous for mutations in CesA1 stain in ruthenium red, indicating atypical adhesion, while those homozygous for null mutations in At4g32390 do not. Previous study of another adhesion mutant revealed ELMO1, a Golgi protein necessary for plant cell adhesion, and four additional homologs ELMO2-5 in the A. thaliana genome. Two of these homologs, ELMO2 and ELMO3, fused to GFP, colocalized with mCherry-MEM1 markers in the Golgi, but not mCherry-NLM12 ER markers, indicating that ELMO2 and ELMO3 are also Golgi proteins.