Showing 161 - 170 of 733 Items
A simple family of analytical trumpet slices of the Schwarzschild spacetime
Date: 2014-06-07
Creator: Kenneth A. Dennison, Thomas W. Baumgarte
Access: Open access
- We describe a simple family of analytical coordinate systems for the Schwarzschild spacetime. The coordinates penetrate the horizon smoothly and are spatially isotropic. Spatial slices of constant coordinate time t feature a trumpet geometry with an asymptotically cylindrical end inside the horizon at a prescribed areal radius R0 (with 0 < R0 M) that serves as the free parameter for the family. The slices also have an asymptotically flat end at spatial infinity. In the limit R0 = 0 the spatial slices lose their trumpet geometry and become flat - in this limit, our coordinates reduce to Painlevé- Gullstrand coordinates. © 2014 IOP Publishing Ltd.
Probing quantum Hall state homogeneity with surface waves
Date: 2013-01-01
Creator: M. E. Msall, W. Dietsche, S. Schmult, K. Von Klitzing
Access: Open access
- We study single quantum wells and matched density bilayer samples. Simultaneous measurements of the Hall voltages using low frequency lock-in techniques and of the changes in the 232 MHz (12.6 μm) SAW propagation measured with a vector network-analyzer allow comparison of the complex bulk and edge conductivities. The vtotal 1 bilayer state is seen directly in the SAW measurement only when the conductivity is below ∼ 6 × 10 -7 Siemens and is destroyed at moderate SAW powers by localized heating. The simultaneous reduction of the conductivity minima extracted from Hall data and from SAW data conclusively demonstrates that the vtotal 1 state disappears simultaneously throughout the bulk and not by the formation of competing domains or conducting filaments. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.
From local to global behavior in competitive Lotka-Volterra systems
Date: 2003-01-01
Creator: E. C. Zeeman, M. L. Zeeman
Access: Open access
- In this paper we exploit the linear, quadratic, monotone and geometric structures of competitive Lotka-Volterra systems of arbitrary dimension to give geometric, algebraic and computational hypotheses for ruling out nontrivial recurrence. We thus deduce the global dynamics of a system from its local dynamics. The geometric hypotheses rely on the introduction of a split Liapunov function. We show that if a system has a fixed point p ∈ int R+n and the carrying simplex of the system lies to one side of its tangent hyperplane at p, then there is no nontrivial recurrence, and the global dynamics are known. We translate the geometric hypotheses into algebraic hypotheses in terms of the definiteness of a certain quadratic function on the tangent hyperplane. Finally, we derive a computational algorithm for checking the algebraic hypotheses, and we compare this algorithm with the classical Volterra-Liapunov stability theorem for Lotka-Volterra systems.
Can the electroweak symmetry-breaking sector be hidden?
Date: 1992-10-29
Creator: S. G. Naculich, C. P. Yuan
Access: Open access
- In a recent paper, Chivukula and Golden claimed that the electroweak symmetry-breaking sector could be hidden if there were many inelastic channels in the longitudinal WW scattering process. They presented a model in which the W's couple to pseudo-Goldstone bosons, which may be difficult to detect experimentally. Because of these inelastic channels, thw WW interactions do not become strong in the TeV region. We demonstrate that, despite the reduced WW elastic amplitudes in this model, the total event rate (∼ 5000 extra longitudinal W+W- pairs produced in one standard SSC year) does not decrease with an increasing number of inelastic channels, and is roughly the same as in a model with a broad high-energy resonance and no inelastic channels. © 1992.
Carbon cycle studies based on the distribution of O2 in air
Date: 1999-01-01
Creator: Michael L. Bender, Mark O. Battle
Access: Open access
Genetic Population Structure and Accuracy of Morphological Assessment in Alosa aestivalis (Blueback Herring) and A. pseudoharengus (Alewife)
Date: 2017-12-01
Creator: Christopher Kan, John Lichter, Vladimir Douhovnikoff
Access: Open access
- Alosa aestivalis and A. pseudoharengus are herring congeners that are important forage species for piscivorous fish and birds. We measured population structure metrics for these species using microsatellite markers. The Southern Gulf of Maine study area allowed the assessment of these species at an inter- and intra-watershed level. We found no detectable population structure within or among watershed for either species which agrees with other recent research. Our results support regional-scale (e.g., Gulf of Maine) plans for management for A. aestivalis and A. pseudoharengus. We found that 5.4% of our samples were hybrids. Our study adds to a growing body of evidence that hybridization and introgression should be management concerns for these species, and precautions should be taken to preserve species barriers. An error rate of morphological identification was calculated by comparing morphological identifications against genetic classifications. We found an overall identification error rate of 16%, which differed significantly from zero (P = 0.008). Managers should also take note of the uncertainty in morphological identifications and adjust stock models and policies accordingly.
Salix exigua clonal growth and population dynamics in relation to disturbance regime variation
Date: 2005-01-01
Creator: Vladimir Douhovnikoff, Joe R. McBride, Richard S. Dodd
Access: Open access
- Willows are important riparian colonizers. However, the predominant models of early riparian colonization, which emphasize seedling recruitment, are inadequate to explain the success of these species in light of the extremely low rates of seedling survival observed. We used molecular fingerprinting markers (AFLPs) to identify and characterize Salix exigua clones on six sites, ranging in size from 850 to 1150 m2, located on two rivers. Clones as large as 325 m2 were detected, and an average of six clones per site occupied 75% of the vegetated area. Building on Mahoney and Rood's recruitment box model, we propose a model whereby prolific clonal growth allows for long-term colonization of riparian zones, and the balance between the relative importance of seedling regeneration and clonal growth varies based upon disturbance regime. A reduction in disturbance regime resulted in greater clonal growth and reduced genotypic variation. It is probable that, with an extended reduction in disturbance, the Salix exigua component would be represented by fewer, larger clones and would eventually decline significantly when these clones are replaced by taller and more shade tolerant species. © 2005 by the Ecological Society of America.
Search for B0 decays to two charged leptons
Date: 1994-01-01
Creator: R. Ammar, S. Ball, P. Baringer, A. Bean, D., Besson, D. Coppage, N. Copty, R. Davis, N. Hancock, M. Kelly, N. Kwak, H. Lam, Y. Kubota, M. Lattery, J. K. Nelson, S. Patton, D. Perticone, R. Poling, V. Savinov, S. Schrenk, R. Wang, M. S. Alam, I. J. Kim, B. Nemati, J. J. O'Neill, H. Severini, C. R. Sun, M. M. Zoeller, G. Crawford, C. M. Daubenmier, R. Fulton
Access: Open access
- We have searched for B0 decays to two charged leptons and set 90% confidence level upper limits on the branching fractions: B(B0→e+e-)<5. 9×10-6, B(B0→μ+μ-)<5.9×10-6, B(B0→e±μ) <5.9×10-6, B(B0→e±τ)<5.3×10-4, and B(B0→μ±τ)<8.3×10-4. © 1994 The American Physical Society.
Sign Under the Domino Robinson-Schensted Maps
Date: 2014-01-01
Creator: Thomas Pietraho
Access: Open access
- We generalize a formula obtained independently by Reifegerste and Sjöstrand for the sign of a permutation under the classical Robinson-Schensted map to a family of domino Robinson-Schensted algorithms. © 2014 Springer Basel.
Midazolam-induced amnesia reduces memory for details and affects the ERP correlates of recollection and familiarity
Date: 2012-02-01
Creator: Erika Nyhus, Tim Curran
Access: Open access
- Dual process models suggest that recognition memory is supported by familiarity and recollection processes. Previous research administering amnesic drugs and measuring ERPs during recognition memory have provided evidence for separable neural correlates of familiarity and recollection. This study examined the effect of midazolam-induced amnesia on memory for details and the proposed ERP correlates of recognition. Midazolam or saline was administered while subjects studied oriented pictures of common objects. ERPs were recorded during a recognition test 1 day later. Subjects' discrimination of old and new pictures as well as orientation discrimination was worse when they were given midazolam instead of saline. As predicted, the parietal old/new effect was decreased with the administration of midazolam. However, weaker effects on FN400 old/new effects were also observed. These results provide converging pharmacological and electrophysiological evidence that midazolam primarily affects recollection as indexed by parietal ERP old/new effects and memory for orientation, while also exerting some weaker effects on familiarity as indexed by FN400 old/new effects. © 2011 Massachusetts Institute of Technology.